艰苦

Meaning(adjective, adverbial adjective, nominal adjective)

difficult; hard; arduous

Examples

• 他小时候生活很艰苦。

  tā xiǎo shí hòu shēng huó hěn jiān kǔ.

  He had a hard life as a child.

• 山区的工作条件很艰苦。

  shān qū de gōng zuò tiáo jiàn hěn jiān kǔ.

  Working conditions in the mountains are very harsh.

• 经过艰苦的努力，我们成功了。

  jīng guò jiān kǔ de nǔ lì, wǒ men chéng gōng le.

  After arduous efforts, we succeeded.

Easily confused

• 辛苦 — 艰苦 describes harsh conditions; 辛苦 describes a person's toil (辛苦了 "thanks for your hard work").

Written with AI, waiting for a teacher's review.